What does Theory X management assume about employees?

What does Theory X management assume about employees?

• A. They are motivated by intrinsic rewards.
• B. They desire to take on responsibilities.
• C. They are inherently lazy and avoid work.
• D. They thrive in a loosely structured environment.

Answer: (C)

Theory X management is based on a set of assumptions about employees that characterize them as having a generally negative view of human nature in the workplace. This theory, developed by Douglas McGregor, posits that most employees have an inherent dislike for work and will avoid it whenever possible. Therefore, managers need to exercise strict control and supervision, often implementing authoritarian leadership styles to ensure productivity. The assumption that employees are inherently lazy suggests that they require external motivation and pressure to perform their duties. This perspective leads to an organizational culture where compliance and obedience are reinforced rather than initiative and creativity. Understanding this theory is crucial for grasping how different management styles can influence workplace behavior and motivation. In contrast, the other choices represent assumptions found in more progressive theories, such as Theory Y, which assumes that employees can be self-motivated, seek responsibility, and flourish in a supportive environment. Thus, the correct understanding of Theory X lies in its foundational belief that employees do not naturally engage with their work without external incentives.

Theory X management is based on a set of assumptions about employees that characterize them as having a generally negative view of human nature in the workplace. This theory, developed by Douglas McGregor, posits that most employees have an inherent dislike for work and will avoid it whenever possible. Therefore, managers need to exercise strict control and supervision, often implementing authoritarian leadership styles to ensure productivity.

The assumption that employees are inherently lazy suggests that they require external motivation and pressure to perform their duties. This perspective leads to an organizational culture where compliance and obedience are reinforced rather than initiative and creativity. Understanding this theory is crucial for grasping how different management styles can influence workplace behavior and motivation.

In contrast, the other choices represent assumptions found in more progressive theories, such as Theory Y, which assumes that employees can be self-motivated, seek responsibility, and flourish in a supportive environment. Thus, the correct understanding of Theory X lies in its foundational belief that employees do not naturally engage with their work without external incentives.